防火板大家熟吗？

　　Are you familiar with fireproof boards?

　　防火板也叫耐火板，是表面装饰用的耐火建材，既能像木质类有机板一样重量轻、柔性且能够再加工，又能防火、耐水。

　　Fireproof board, also known as fire-resistant board, is a fire-resistant building material used for surface decoration. It is lightweight, flexible, and can be reprocessed like wooden organic boards, while also being fire-resistant and water-resistant.

　　对于装饰工程来说，了解防火材料（包括防火板材）是非常重要的。

　　For decoration engineering, understanding fireproof materials (including fireproof boards) is very important.

　　今天跟大家从以下方面进行防火板相关知识的分享，供大家参考学习：

　　Today, I will share with you the knowledge related to fireproof boards from the following aspects for your reference and learning:

　　1）防火材料有哪些？

　　1) What are the fire-resistant materials?

　　2）三种防火板介绍

　　2) Introduction to three types of fireproof boards

　　3）防火板施工工艺怎么做？

　　3) How to do the construction process of fireproof board?

　　4）常见防火工程节点：

　　4) Common fire protection engineering nodes:

　　01

　　01

　　防火材料有哪些？

　　What are the fire-resistant materials?

　　1、顶棚材料：

　　1. Ceiling material:

　　以下为顶棚材料的常用的防火材料等级：

　　The following are commonly used fire-resistant material grades for ceiling materials:

　　A级不燃材料：

　　A-class non combustible material:

　　硅酸钙材料、岩棉板、尼可板、金属（铁、钢、铜）等。

　　Calcium silicate material, rock wool board, Nico board, metals (iron, steel, copper), etc.

　　常见A级不燃材料△

　　Common A-level non combustible materials △

　　B1难燃材料：

　　B1 flame retardant material:

　　纸面石膏板、纤维石膏板、抗倍特板、水泥刨花板、矿棉装饰吸声板、玻璃棉装饰吸声板、珍珠岩装饰吸声板、难燃胶合板、难燃中密度纤维板、岩棉装饰板、难燃木材、 铝箔复合材料等。

　　Paper faced gypsum board, fiber gypsum board, laminated board, cement particleboard, mineral wool decorative sound-absorbing board, glass wool decorative sound-absorbing board, perlite decorative sound-absorbing board, fire-resistant plywood, fire-resistant medium density fiberboard, rock wool decorative board, fire-resistant wood, aluminum foil composite materials, etc.

　　注意：安装在金属龙骨上燃烧性能达到B1级的纸面石膏板、矿棉吸声板，可作为A级装修材料使用。

　　Attention: Paper faced gypsum board and mineral wool sound-absorbing board with combustion performance reaching B1 level installed on metal keel can be used as A-level decoration materials.

　　常见B1级不燃材料△

　　Common B1 level non combustible materials △

　　2、墙面材料：

　　2. Wall material:

　　以下为墙面材料的常用的防火材料等级：

　　The following are commonly used fire-resistant material grades for wall materials:

　　A级不燃材料：

　　A-class non combustible material:

　　石材、陶瓷砖、水泥板、岩棉板、尼可板、硅酸钙材料、防火玻璃、金属（铁、钢、铜）等。

　　Stone, ceramic tiles, cement boards, rock wool boards, Nico boards, calcium silicate materials, fire-resistant glass, metals (iron, steel, copper), etc.

　　常见A级不燃材料△

　　Common A-level non combustible materials △

　　B1级难燃材料：

　　B1 level flame retardant material:

　　纸面石膏板、纤维石膏板、抗倍特板、水泥板、水泥刨花板、矿棉板、玻璃棉板、珍珠岩板、难燃胶合板、难燃中密度纤维板、防火塑料装饰板等。

　　Paper faced gypsum board, fiber gypsum board, laminated board, cement board, cement particle board, mineral wool board, glass wool board, perlite board, fire-resistant plywood, fire-resistant medium density fiberboard, fire-resistant plastic decorative board, etc.

　　难燃墙纸、难燃墙布、难燃仿花岗岩装饰板、氯氧镁水泥经装 配式墙板、难燃玻璃钢平板、PVC 塑料护墙板、轻质高强复合墙板等。

　　Flame retardant wallpaper, flame retardant wall cloth, flame retardant imitation granite decorative panel, magnesium oxychloride cement prefabricated wall panel, flame retardant fiberglass flat panel, PVC plastic wall panel, lightweight high-strength composite wall panel, etc.

　　B2级可燃材料：

　　B2 level combustible material:

　　木制人造板、纸制装饰板、装饰微薄木贴面板、塑料贴面装饰板、塑纤板、塑料壁纸、无纺贴墙布、墙布、复合壁纸、天然材料壁纸、人造革等。

　　Wooden artificial board, paper decorative board, decorative thin wood veneer panel, plastic veneer decorative board, plastic fiberboard, plastic wallpaper, non-woven wall cloth, wall cloth, composite wallpaper, natural material wallpaper, artificial leather, etc.

　　常见B2级可燃材料△

　　Common B2 level combustible materials △

　　3、地面材料：

　　3. Ground material:

　　以下为地面材料的常用的防火材料等级：

　　The following are commonly used fire-resistant material grades for ground materials:

　　A级不燃材料：

　　A-class non combustible material:

　　石材、陶瓷砖、金属（铁、钢、铜）等。

　　Stone, ceramic tiles, metals (iron, steel, copper), etc.

　　B1级难燃材料：

　　B1 level flame retardant material:

　　硬PVC塑料地板，水泥刨花板、水泥木丝板、氯丁橡胶地板、地毯等。

　　Hard PVC plastic flooring, cement particleboard, cement wood wool board, chloroprene rubber flooring, carpets, etc.

　　B2级可燃材料：

　　B2 level combustible material:

　　半硬质PVC 塑料地板、PVC卷材地板、实木地板、实木复合木地板等。

　　Semi hard PVC plastic flooring, PVC roll flooring, solid wood flooring, solid wood composite flooring, etc.

　　注意：实木地板属于B2级可燃材料，所以常使用在住宅空间，不应大面积的用于公共空间。

　　Attention: Solid wood flooring belongs to Class B2 combustible materials, so it is often used in residential spaces and should not be widely used in public spaces.

　　实木地板属于可燃材料△

　　Solid wood flooring is a combustible material

　　4、基层装饰材料：

　　4. Grassroots decorative materials:

　　以下为基层装饰材料的常用的防火材料等级：

　　The following are commonly used fire-resistant material grades for grassroots decorative materials:

　　A级不燃材料：

　　A-class non combustible material:

　　防火棉、防火泥、防火包、轻钢龙骨、岩棉板尼可板等；

　　Fireproof cotton, fireproof mud, fireproof package, light steel keel, rock wool board, Nico board, etc;

　　注意：采用的各种防火堵料经封堵施工后，必须牢固填实孔洞、缝隙及管道井，不得留有间隙，以确保封堵质量。

　　Attention: After the use of various fireproof materials for sealing construction, the holes, gaps, and pipeline wells must be firmly filled without leaving any gaps to ensure the quality of sealing.

　　A级不燃材料△

　　A-level non combustible material △

　　B1级难燃材料：

　　B1 level flame retardant material:

　　纸面石膏板、纤维石膏板、水泥刨花板、矿棉板、玻璃棉板、珍珠岩板、难燃胶合板、难燃中密度纤维板、防火塑料装饰板等；

　　Paper faced gypsum board, fiber gypsum board, cement particleboard, mineral wool board, glass wool board, perlite board, fire-resistant plywood, fire-resistant medium density fiberboard, fire-resistant plastic decorative board, etc;

　　B2级易燃材料：

　　B2 level flammable material:

　　天然木龙骨基层、泡沫板（EPS板）等。

　　Natural wood keel base course, foam board (EPS board), etc.

　　B2级不燃材料△

　　B2 level non combustible material △

　　5、分断、隔断装修材料：

　　5. Partition and partition decoration materials:

　　隔断：建筑内部固定的、不到顶的垂直分隔物。

　　Partition: A vertical partition that is fixed inside a building and does not reach the top.

　　以下为分断、隔断装饰材料的常用的防火材料等级：

　　The following are commonly used fire-resistant material grades for partition and decorative materials:

　　A级不燃材料：

　　A-class non combustible material:

　　防火玻璃隔断、金属隔断、不燃饰面轻钢龙骨隔断等；

　　Fireproof glass partitions, metal partitions, non combustible decorative light steel keel partitions, etc;

　　A级不燃材料△

　　A-level non combustible material △

　　B1级难燃材料：

　　B1 level flame retardant material:

　　难燃饰面轻钢龙骨隔断，普通玻璃隔断等；

　　Refractory decorative light steel keel partitions, ordinary glass partitions, etc;

　　B2级可燃材料：

　　B2 level combustible material:

　　天然木材料隔断、 塑料材质隔断等。

　　Natural wood material partitions, plastic material partitions, etc.

　　B2级可燃材料△

　　B2 level combustible material △

　　6、固定、定制类装饰材料：

　　6. Fixed and customized decorative materials:

　　固定类装饰材料：指固定在建筑物或不易改变位置的物品。如建筑内部的壁橱、壁柜、陈列台、大型货架等。

　　Fixed decorative materials: refers to items that are fixed to buildings or are not easily relocated. Such as cabinets, wall cabinets, display stands, large shelves, etc. inside buildings.

　　注意：对木材装修材料的阻燃处理主要有两种方法：一种是使用阻燃剂对木材浸刷处理；二是将防火涂料涂刷在木材表面。

　　Attention: There are two main methods for flame retardant treatment of wood decoration materials: one is to use flame retardants to soak and brush the wood; The second is to apply fireproof coating on the surface of the wood.

　　软质家具和硬质家具燃烧性能等级分类△

　　Classification of combustion performance levels for soft furniture and hard furniture △

　　7、装饰织物、摆设软装类装饰材料：

　　7. Decorative fabrics and soft furnishings materials:

　　装饰织物装饰材料：是指满足建筑内部功能需求，由棉、麻、丝、毛等天然纤维及其他合成纤维制作的纺织品，如窗帘、帷幕等。

　　Decorative fabrics and materials refer to textiles made from natural fibers such as cotton, linen, silk, and wool, as well as other synthetic fibers, to meet the functional requirements of building interiors, such as curtains and curtains.

　　B1难燃材料：

　　B1 flame retardant material:

　　经阻燃处理的各类难燃织物等。

　　Various flame-retardant fabrics that have undergone flame retardant treatment.

　　B2可燃材料：

　　B2 combustible materials:

　　纯毛装饰布、纯麻装饰布、经阻燃处理的其他织物等

　　Pure wool decorative fabric, pure linen decorative fabric, other fabrics treated with flame retardancy, etc

　　装饰织物燃烧性能等级分类△

　　Classification of Burning Performance Grades for Decorative Fabrics △

　　8、其他装饰材料：

　　8. Other decorative materials:

　　其他装修装饰材料指：楼梯扶手、挂镜线、踢脚板、窗帘盒、暖气罩等。

　　Other decoration materials refer to: stair handrails, mirror lines, baseboards, curtain boxes, heating covers, etc.

　　A级不燃材料：

　　A-class non combustible material:

　　石材、陶瓷砖、马赛克砖、岩棉板、硅酸钙材料、玻璃、金属（铁、钢、铜）等。

　　Stone, ceramic tiles, mosaic tiles, rock wool boards, calcium silicate materials, glass, metals (iron, steel, copper), etc.

　　B1级难燃材料：

　　B1 level flame retardant material:

　　PVC 塑料护墙板等。

　　PVC plastic wall panels, etc.

　　B2可燃材料：

　　B2 combustible materials:

　　木制人造板、天然实木制品等。

　　Wooden artificial boards, natural solid wood products, etc.

　　踢脚线材料△

　　Skirting material △

　　02

　　02

　　三种防火板材介绍

　　Introduction to Three Types of Fireproof Boards

　　1、传统防火板

　　1. Traditional fireproof board

　　耐火板结构示意图△

　　Schematic diagram of refractory board structure △

　　2、抗倍特板

　　2. Anti duplication board

　　抗倍特结构示意图△

　　Schematic diagram of anti duplication structure △

　　3、火力克

　　3. Firepower Ke

　　新筑视频课程

　　New Building Video Course

　　《防火板材料介绍大全》

　　Introduction to Fireproof Board Materials

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　　Complete source file PDF download with great value content

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　　Only 6.9 yuan is needed

　　长按二维码  下载完整资料内容

　　Long press the QR code to download the complete information content

　　03

　　03

　　防火板的施工工艺

　　Construction technology of fireproof board

　　1、直接黏贴

　　1. Directly stick

　　直接胶粘法是防火板施工最常见的方法之一，是在已做木作或石膏板基层材料的墙体上直接上胶黏贴。

　　Direct adhesive method is one of the most common methods for fireproof board construction, which involves directly applying adhesive to walls that have already been made of wooden or gypsum board base materials.

　　常见有机基层板材料：澳松板、密度板、刨花板、细木工板和实木板。

　　Common organic base board materials: Australian pine board, density board, particleboard, particleboard, and solid wood board.

　　在现场施工中需注意基材及胶水的选择确保施工品质，避免出现鼓泡或开裂现象。

　　During on-site construction, attention should be paid to the selection of substrates and adhesives to ensure construction quality and avoid bubbling or cracking.

　　工艺流程：

　　technological process:

　　1）首先用切割工具将耐火板裁切成所需要的尺寸，需注意耐火板每条边需多留 6mm 作为修边之用；

　　1) Firstly, use cutting tools to cut the refractory board into the required size, paying attention to leaving an extra 6mm on each edge of the refractory board for trimming purposes;

　　2）用工具将基材表面与防火板的边缘砂磨平整；

　　2) Use tools to sand and smooth the surface of the substrate and the edge of the fireproof board;

　　3）将适量的胶水均匀的刮开到防火板以及基材的背面；

　　3) Scrape an appropriate amount of glue evenly onto the back of the fireproof board and substrate;

　　4）用滚轮或压力机加压以确保防火板粘贴到基板上面，之后做修边、清洁处理。

　　4) Apply pressure with a roller or press to ensure that the fireproof board is adhered to the substrate, and then perform trimming and cleaning treatment.

　　在一些重要的科研机构、医院和学校等空间，对室内建材的要求比较高，可用无机材料与防火板结合，来提高防火等级和室内空间的需要。常见无机基层材料：硅酸钙板、铝蜂巢（窝）板、铝板、玻镁板、矿棉板等。

　　In some important research institutions, hospitals, schools, and other spaces, the requirements for indoor building materials are relatively high. Inorganic materials can be combined with fireproof boards to improve the fire rating and meet the needs of indoor spaces. Common inorganic base materials: calcium silicate board, aluminum honeycomb (nest) board, aluminum board, glass magnesium board, mineral wool board, etc.

　　2、干挂

　　2. Dry hanging

　　干挂结构主要是针对 9mm 的成品双面复合防火板和 8mm 抗倍特所采用的，承载龙骨为钢材或铝合金型材，用专用的标准扣片和可调节扣片将其固定到板材上进行安装的一种方式。

　　The dry hanging structure is mainly used for 9mm finished double-sided composite fireproof board and 8mm anti double special board. The load-bearing keel is made of steel or aluminum alloy profiles, and it is fixed to the board with special standard buckles and adjustable buckles for installation.

　　立面图△

　　Elevation view △

　　施工流程：

　　Construction process:

　　龙骨排布、安装→铝合金干挂横龙骨排布、安装→铝合金可调挂件及普通挂件排布及安装→挂板→拼缝处理→清理

　　Keel arrangement and installation → Aluminum alloy dry hanging horizontal keel arrangement and installation → Aluminum alloy adjustable and ordinary pendant arrangement and installation → Hanging board → Joint treatment → Cleaning

　　1）龙骨排布、安装

　　1) Dragon bone arrangement and installation

　　安装龙骨前要对墙面进行测量，弹线定位。需要注意的是竖龙骨的间距要 ≤400mm，竖向龙骨的固定要用L型角码、M6膨胀螺栓及M自攻螺丝，固定点的间距 ≤600mm。

　　Before installing the keel, the wall should be measured and marked with lines for positioning. It should be noted that the spacing between vertical keels should be ≤ 400mm, and L-shaped corner brackets, M6 expansion bolts, and M self tapping screws should be used to fix the vertical keels. The spacing between fixing points should be ≤ 600mm.

　　2）铝合金干挂横龙骨的排布、安装

　　2) Layout and installation of aluminum alloy dry hanging horizontal keel

　　同样的铝合金干挂横龙骨的间距要 ≤400mm，用M4自攻螺丝把横龙骨固定在竖龙骨上，间距 ≤400mm。

　　The spacing between the same aluminum alloy dry hanging horizontal keels should be ≤ 400mm. Use M4 self tapping screws to fix the horizontal keels to the vertical keels with a spacing of ≤ 400mm.

　　3）挂件的排布、安装

　　3) Arrangement and installation of pendants

　　把防火板背部朝上平放，根据图纸定位、画线、开孔、安装挂件。需要注意的是板上的螺丝开孔要小于螺丝的直径 1mm，孔深大于螺丝长度 1mm。最上部一排的挂件是可调试的，其它部分使用普通挂件，挂件的横竖间距要 ≤400mm。

　　Place the fireproof board flat with the back facing up, locate, draw lines, drill holes, and install hangers according to the drawing. It should be noted that the screw holes on the board should be smaller than the diameter of the screw by 1mm, and the hole depth should be greater than the length of the screw by 1mm. The hanging parts in the top row are adjustable, while other parts use ordinary hanging parts, and the horizontal and vertical spacing of the hanging parts should be ≤ 400mm.

　　4）挂板

　　4) Hanging board

　　挂板时要用玻璃吸盘吸住挂板，按照自下而上的顺序安装，整个墙面要控制在 2m 尺寸的高低差 ≤3mm。收口一般是通过吊顶压墙，顶部收边，底部收边板距离地面 10mm 可以用密封胶来填补。

　　When hanging the board, a glass suction cup should be used to hold the board, and it should be installed in a bottom-up order. The height difference of the entire wall should be controlled within a 2m size of ≤ 3mm. The closing is usually done by pressing the wall on the ceiling, closing the top edge, and filling the bottom edge board with sealant at a distance of 10mm from the ground.

　　5）拼缝处理

　　5) Joint processing

　　跟底部处理方法一样，板之间的拼缝可以使用密封胶来填补，也可以嵌装饰条或者利用企口自然拼缝，边缘则是使用美纹纸来保护。

　　Similar to the bottom treatment method, the seams between the boards can be filled with sealant, decorative strips can be embedded, or natural seams can be made using tongue and groove. The edges are protected with masking paper.

　　密封胶处理△

　　Sealing treatment △

　　企口拼缝△

　　Enterprise mouth joint △

　　装饰条（T型）处理△

　　Decorative strip (T-shaped) treatment △

　　装饰条（U型）处理△

　　Decorative strip (U-shaped) treatment △

　　04

　　04

　　常见防火工程节点：

　　Common fire protection engineering nodes:

　　而建筑防火要求对精装修深化设计的影响从这几个分类展开：防火分区、防烟分区、防火门、防火卷帘。

　　The impact of building fire prevention requirements on the deepening design of fine decoration can be divided into several categories: fire compartments, smoke compartments, fire doors, and fire shutters.

　　1、防火门深化施工：

　　1. Deepening construction of fire doors:

　　防火门制作节点△

　　Fire door production node △

　　注意事项：

　　Notes:

　　1）木工板基层须做防火处理，或用水泥砂浆找平；

　　1) The base layer of the wooden board must be treated with fire prevention or leveled with cement mortar;

　　2）门扇须专业防火门厂家制作，须符合消防验收标准。

　　2) The door leaf must be made by a professional fireproof door manufacturer and meet the fire safety acceptance standards.

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